Peter Tosh was a very important Jamaican reggae singer and musician. He helped make reggae music popular all over the world.
Tosh was born in Jamaica in 1944. As a young man, he joined the famous reggae group The Wailers along with Bob Marley and Bunny Wailer.
The Wailers made some of the first big reggae hits in Jamaica in the 1960s.
Summary of Peter Tosh
- Real Name: Winston Hubert McIntosh
- Stage Name: Peter Tosh
- Nickname: Stepping Razor
- Born: October 19, 1944, Grange Hill, Jamaica
- Died: September 11, 1987, Kingston, Jamaica (murdered)
- Genre: Reggae, Roots Reggae, Political Reggae
- Occupation: Singer, Songwriter, Musician (guitar, harmonica)
- Band: The Wailers (founding member 1963-1976)
- Solo Career: 1976 – 1987
- Consort: Andrea Marlene Brown (wife)
- Children: Andrew Tosh, Jawara McIntosh, Niambe McIntosh, Aldrina McIntosh, Steve McIntosh
- Religion: Rastafari
Known For:
- One of the core members of the Wailers, alongside Bob Marley and Bunny Wailer.
- An outspoken advocate for Rastafari and social justice.
- Solo hits like “Legalize It” and “Equal Rights”.
- Grammy Award winner for Best Reggae Performance in 1987 (No Nuclear War).
After leaving The Wailers in 1973, Peter Tosh started his own solo career. He became known for his militant and revolutionary lyrics about justice, legal marijuana, and fighting against racism.
Some of his most famous songs like “Legalize It” and “Equal Rights” had very strong messages.
He was a pioneer of the roots reggae style, and his music promoted the Rastafarian way of life and beliefs.
He wore the Rastafarian dreadlocks hairstyle and used a lot of Rastafarian language and symbols. Tosh helped spread awareness of Rastafarian culture around the globe.
With his powerful lyrics and energetic live performances, Peter Tosh played a major role in the reggae revolution. He inspired many people with his message of standing up for the poor and oppressed.
Tosh’s uncompromising vision made him an extremely influential figure in reggae music and Rastafarian culture.
Early Life and Background
Peter Tosh was born Winston Hubert McIntosh on October 19, 1944, in Westmoreland, Jamaica. He grew up in the Trench Town neighborhood of Kingston, the capital city of Jamaica.
Trench Town was a very poor area, but it produced many talented musicians over the years. Despite having little money, the community had a rich culture of music and performance.
As a young boy in Trench Town, Tosh was exposed to the new Rastafarian religious movement that was growing in Jamaica at the time. The Rastafarian beliefs, dreadlocks hairstyle, and use of marijuana all made a big impression on him.
Tosh also fell in love with the emerging reggae music sound during his youth. He taught himself to play guitar and keyboard, picking up the instruments on his own through practice and determination.
Unlike many other famous musicians, Tosh was self-taught and never had any formal music training. But his natural talent and passion for reggae drove him to keep improving his skills on guitar and keys.
The difficult circumstances of poverty, coupled with the influences of Rastafarian culture and reggae music in Trench Town, helped shape Tosh’s rebellious outlook and uncompromising musical vision from an early age
The Wailers and Split from Bob Marley
In 1963, when he was just 19 years old, Peter Tosh joined the popular Jamaican vocal group The Wailing Wailers. The other members were Bob Marley and Bunny Wailer.
Together, this trio of singers and musicians helped create some of the first big local reggae hits in Jamaica in the mid-1960s. One of their most well-known early songs was called “Simmer Down.”
Although they found success together at first, The Wailers group began having many internal conflicts and arguments, because Tosh, Marley, and Wailer each had their own strong visions for the kind of music they wanted to make.
Tosh wanted the group’s lyrics and sound to be much more revolutionary and militant compared to Marley. He pushed for a harder edge promoting Rastafarian beliefs and social justice issues.
After nearly a decade together, these creative differences finally caused The Wailers to split up in 1973. Tosh left the group to go his own way as a solo artist.
On his own, Peter Tosh was able to pursue the more militant, revolutionary musical style and vision he desired. His aggressive, no-compromises approach is what ultimately defined his legendary solo career and impact.
Solo Career Highlights
Following his departure from the Wailers, Peter Tosh embarked on a solo career that crackled with energy and purpose.
In 1976, he dropped his debut album, “Legalize It,” a reggae landmark that became an anthem for cannabis legalization.
The title track, with its infectious groove and defiant lyrics, resonated not just with Rastafarians who viewed marijuana as a sacred herb, but with anyone yearning for social justice.
Tosh’s creative wellspring didn’t run dry after “Legalize It.” He went on to release a string of critically acclaimed albums, including
These albums showcased Tosh’s versatility as a songwriter, tackling themes of social justice, racial equality, and Pan-African unity. His lyrics were never sugar-coated.
Tracks like the powerful “Equal Rights” and the scorching “Get Up Stand Up” (not to be confused with Bob Marley’s song) became rallying cries for those seeking a more just world.
Tosh’s solo career wasn’t just about anthems, though. He also delivered potent doses of cultural awareness with songs like “400 Years,” a searing indictment of slavery’s legacy.
Through his music, Peter Tosh became a powerful voice for the voiceless, a role he would continue to play throughout his impressive solo career.
Live Performances and Tour Stories
Peter Tosh was renowned for being an incredibly energetic and charismatic live performer, and his shows were full of passion and he had a special way of connecting with the audience.
Tosh would whip the crowds into a frenzy with his militant stage presence and uncompromising delivery of socially conscious lyrics. Fans went wild for his brand of revolutionary reggae music.
One of Tosh’s most notable live performances was at the historic One Love Peace Concert in Jamaica in 1978. This massive show helped unite the people of Jamaica during a time of political turmoil and violence, and Tosh’s appearance was a highlight.
When touring the world, Tosh always traveled with his symbolic “rod of correction” – a large walking stick used in Rastafarian religious ceremonies. This ornate staff became part of his trademark look on stage.
There are many amusing road stories from Tosh’s time touring and playing shows. For example, he allegedly once used his rod of correction to discipline his musicians when they made mistakes during a concert!
Whether it was shaking the rod defiantly or hoisting it above his head in a Rasta salute, Tosh made that walking stick an iconic part of his live performances and persona.
Tosh simply commanded the stage and audience’s attention with his verve and showmanship. His high-energy concerts left a lasting impact on generations of reggae fans.
Political Activism and Social Commentary in Tosh’s Music
Tosh was not only a talented musician but also an activist who used his music to address social and political issues.
His music often tackled controversial topics like poverty, inequality, and oppression. Tosh’s songs were a call to action and aimed to inspire listeners to stand up against injustice.
One of Tosh’s most powerful songs is “Equal Rights,” the title track from his 1977 album. The song addresses issues of racial and social inequality and calls for equal rights for all people.
The lyrics, “Everyone is crying out for peace, yes / None is crying out for justice / Everyone is crying out for peace, yes / None is crying out for justice / I don’t want no peace / I need equal rights and justice,” are a powerful reminder that true peace cannot be achieved without justice.
Another example of Tosh’s social commentary can be found in his song “Apartheid” from his 1983 album “Mama Africa.” The song addresses the apartheid regime in South Africa and calls for its end.
The lyrics, “Apartheid no right / Apartheid wrong / Apartheid don’t belong,” make a clear and powerful statement against the unjust system.
Tosh’s music also tackled issues of class and the struggles of the working class. His song “Get Up, Stand Up,” which he co-wrote with Bob Marley, encourages listeners to stand up against oppression and fight for their rights.
The song has become an anthem for social justice movements around the world.
Peter Tosh was not only a talented musician but also a powerful voice for social and political change.
His music addressed issues of poverty, inequality, oppression, and injustice, and encouraged listeners to stand up and fight for their rights. Tosh’s music continues to inspire people around the world to this day, reminding us of the power of music in creating social change.
Tosh’s Influence on Reggae, Ska, and Other Genres
Tosh was a pioneer in the reggae music scene and helped shape the genre into what it is today. His unique style of music blended traditional Jamaican music with elements of rock, blues, and soul.
Tosh’s use of the guitar, keyboard, and percussion instruments also added new dimensions to reggae music.
One of Tosh’s most famous songs, “Legalize It,” is a prime example of his influence on reggae music.
The song, released in 1976, was a call to legalize marijuana and used a catchy rhythm and melody that became instantly recognizable. The song helped to establish Tosh as a leading voice in the reggae music scene.
Tosh’s influence on ska music is also significant. He was a member of The Skatalites, one of the earliest ska bands in Jamaica, and his unique sound helped shape the genre.
Tosh’s song “Stepping Razor” is a classic example of his influence on ska music, with its upbeat rhythm and catchy melody.
Tosh’s influence on other genres goes beyond reggae and ska. His music has inspired artists in genres such as punk, rock, and hip-hop.
The Clash, a popular punk rock band, covered Tosh’s song “Pressure Drop” on their album “Black Market Clash.” The song became one of their most popular covers and helped introduce Tosh’s music to a new audience.
Tragic Murder and Legacy
In a cruel twist of fate, Peter Tosh’s life was tragically cut short in 1987.
At the young age of 42, he was shot and killed during a home invasion in Jamaica. The news sent shockwaves through the reggae community, and an outpouring of grief came from fans and fellow artists alike.
Tosh’s legacy, however, burns brightly even today. He was a pioneering figure in roots reggae, a subgenre that emphasized social and political consciousness.
His passionate lyrics and fierce advocacy for justice made him a hero to many, particularly within the Rastafarian movement. His influence on reggae music is undeniable, and his impact on Rastafarian culture is deeply woven into its fabric.
While his time with Bob Marley in The Wailers helped spark a musical revolution, Peter Tosh carved his own path, becoming a powerful voice in his own right.
He challenged the status quo, demanded equal rights, and championed the fight against oppression.
Though dead, his music continues to inspire and empower those who seek a more just world.
Legacy of Tosh’s Music and Its Continued Relevance Today
Even though Tosh passed away in 1987, his music continues to inspire and influence generations of musicians and fans.
Tosh’s music is known for its political and social commentary, and its message of resistance and empowerment still resonates with people today.
One of Tosh’s most famous songs, “Equal Rights,” is a prime example of his powerful message.
The song speaks out against oppression and discrimination and calls for equality and justice for all. Tosh’s message is still relevant today as we continue to see inequality and discrimination in society.
Tosh’s music also has a strong connection to the Rastafarian movement. The movement promotes peace, love, and unity, and Tosh’s music embodies these values.
His song “Jah Guide” is a classic example of his connection to the Rastafarian movement, with its uplifting message and spiritual lyrics.
Tosh’s music has also inspired many artists in other genres, including rock, hip-hop, and reggaeton. The message of resistance and empowerment in his music has been embraced by artists like Rage Against the Machine, Bob Dylan, and Lauryn Hill.
In addition to his music, Tosh’s activism and advocacy for social justice continue to inspire people today. His work to legalize marijuana and fight against oppression and discrimination is still relevant today as we continue to fight for social justice and equality.
The legacy of Peter Tosh’s music and activism is still relevant today. His message of resistance, empowerment, and equality continues to inspire and influence people around the world.
Tosh’s music and message remind us of the importance of standing up for what is right and fighting against oppression and discrimination.
Peter Tosh’s Posthumous Recognition and Awards
Though his life was tragically cut short, Peter Tosh’s legacy as a musical pioneer and social activist continues to resonate.
Even after his passing in 1987, Peter Tosh has been honored with several prestigious awards that solidify his enduring impact. Here’s a look at some of the key posthumous recognitions bestowed upon him:
- Order of Merit (Jamaica): In 2012, the Jamaican government awarded Peter Tosh the Order of Merit, the nation’s third-highest honor. This award acknowledged his significant contributions to Jamaican music and culture. His daughter, Niambe, accepted the award on his behalf.
- Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award: In 2012, Peter Tosh, along with Bob Marley and Bunny Wailer, was posthumously awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award as a member of the Wailers. This prestigious award recognized the lasting influence of the Wailers on reggae and popular music as a whole.
- Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction: The Wailers, including Peter Tosh, were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004. This induction solidified their place among music’s most influential figures and further cemented Tosh’s legacy as a reggae innovator.
- Order of the Companions of OR Tambo (South Africa): Most recently, in 2023, South Africa awarded Peter Tosh the Order of the Companions of OR Tambo in Silver. This award honors his unwavering support for the anti-Apartheid movement and his use of music to raise awareness about the struggle for freedom in South Africa.
These awards serve as a testament to Peter Tosh’s powerful voice and his unwavering commitment to social justice. Even after his passing, the “Steppin Razor” continues to inspire generations with his music and message.
Key Takeaways:
- Pioneering reggae artist who helped popularize the roots reggae genre with his militant, socially-conscious lyrics.
- Founding member of the influential group The Wailers with Bob Marley, before leaving in 1973 to pursue his revolutionary musical vision as a solo act.
- Uncompromising advocacy for Rastafarian culture, cannabis legalization, and equal rights/justice for oppressed people through hit songs like “Legalize It,” “Equal Rights,” and “Get Up Stand Up.”
- An energetic, charismatic live performer who connected with audiences and became an iconic figure, known for brandishing his “rod of correction” staff on stage.
- Tragic murder in 1987 at age 42 during a home invasion robbery, cementing his legacy as an influential, rebellious voice in reggae music.
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- Bob Marley: The Music & The Legend
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- Bob Marley Quotes: Top Inspiring Quotes
- The Wailers: Reggae Legends From Jamaica
- Rita Marley: The Matriarch of Reggae
- The Rastafarian Movement
- Jamaica: A Journey Through Music and Culture
- Reggae Music: The RhytThmic Heartbeat
- Bunny Wailer: Man Behind Reggae’s Magic
FAQs on Peter Tosh: Militant Messenger of Reggae’s Rebel Music
How did Peter Tosh die?
Peter Tosh was tragically murdered during a home invasion and robbery attempt in 1987 at his house in Jamaica. He was shot and killed by the intruders at the age of 42.
What happened between Peter Tosh and Bob Marley?
Peter Tosh and Bob Marley were founding members of the reggae group The Wailers in the 1960s. However, they had creative differences and diverging visions for the music. This led to conflicts within the group. Tosh wanted a more militant, revolutionary sound compared to Marley. These tensions ultimately caused Tosh to leave The Wailers in 1973 to pursue his own solo career.
Who is Peter Tosh?
Peter Tosh was a pioneering Jamaican reggae musician. He was one of the core members of the hugely influential group The Wailers along with Bob Marley and Bunny Wailer in the 1960s. After going solo, Tosh became known for his uncompromising advocacy of Rastafarian beliefs and social justice issues through his militant “rebel” music.
Why did Peter Tosh leave The Wailers?
Peter Tosh left The Wailers group in 1973 due to creative differences and internal conflicts with the other members, especially Bob Marley. Tosh wanted The Wailers’ music to have a more militant, revolutionary, and outspoken stance compared to Marley’s vision. He felt limited by the group’s sound and went solo to freely pursue his own defiant artistic style.
Who killed Peter Tosh?
Peter Tosh was murdered by a group of three intruders who broke into his home in Jamaica in 1987. Dennis “Leppo” Lobban, Marlene Brown, and Claton “Saddam” Austin were convicted of the killing and robbery-related charges.
How tall was Peter Tosh?
Most sources list Peter Tosh’s height as 5 feet 8 inches (173 cm) tall.
Who plays Peter Tosh in the Bob Marley movie?
In the 2012 biopic “Marley” about the life of Bob Marley, the role of Peter Tosh was played by Jamaican musician Paul Levanti.
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